Weathering involves the

Answer the following questions about the solubility of AgCl(s). The value of Ksp for AgCl(s) is 1.8 × 10−10.

Firlakuza [10]

Answer:

[Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M

s = 3.3 × 10⁻¹⁰ M

Because the common ion effect.

Explanation:

1. Value of [Ag⁺] in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water.

The value of [Ag⁺] in a saturated solution of AgCl in distilled water is calculated by the dissolution reaction:

AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)

The ICE (initial, change, equilibrium) table is:

AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)

I X 0 0

C -s +s +s

E X - s s s

Since s is very small, X - s is practically equal to X and is a constant, due to which the concentration of the solids do not appear in the Ksp equation.

Thus, the Ksp equation is:

Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]

Ksp = s × s

Ksp = s²

By substitution:

1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s²

s = 1.34 × 10⁻⁵M

Rounding to two significant figures:

[Ag⁺] = 1.3 × 10⁻⁵M ← answer

2. Molar solubility of AgCl(s) in seawater

Since, the conentration of Cl⁻ in seawater is 0.54 M you must introduce this as the initial concentration in the ECE table.

The new ICE table will be:

AgCl(s) ⇄ Ag⁺ (aq) + Cl⁻ (aq)

I X 0 0.54

C -s +s +s

E X - s s s + 0.54

The new equation for the Ksp equation will be:

Ksp = [Ag⁺] [Cl⁻]

Ksp = s × ( s + 0.54)

Ksp = s² + 0.54s

By substitution:

1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = s² + 0.54s

s² + 0.54s - 1.8 × 10⁻¹⁰ = 0

Now you must solve a quadratic equation.

Use the quadratic formula:

$s=\dfrac{-0.54\pm\sqrt{0.54^2-4(1)(-1.8\times 10^{-10})}}{2(1)}$

The positive and valid solution is s = 3.3×10⁻¹⁰ M ← answer

3. Why is AgCl(s) less soluble in seawater than in distilled water.

AgCl(s) is less soluble in seawater than in distilled water because there are some Cl⁻ ions is seawater which shift the equilibrium to the left.

This is known as the common ion effect.

By LeChatelier's principle, you know that an increase in the concentrations of one of the substances that participate in the equilibrium displaces the reaction to the direction that minimizes this efect.

In the case of solubility reactions, this is known as the common ion effect: when the solution contains one of the ions that is formed by the solid reactant, the reaction will proceed in less proportion, i.e. less reactant can be dissolved.

3 0

3 years ago

The activation energy of an uncatalyzed reaction is 70 kJ/mol. When a catalyst is added, the activation energy (at 20 °C) is 42

denis23 [38]

Answer:

T = 215.33 °C

Explanation:

The activation energy is given by the Arrhenius equation:

$k = Ae^{\frac{-Ea}{RT}}$

Where:

k: is the rate constant

A: is the frequency factor

Ea: is the activation energy

R: is the gas constant = 8.314 J/(K*mol)

T: is the temperature

We have for the uncatalyzed reaction:

Ea₁ = 70 kJ/mol

And for the catalyzed reaction:

Ea₂ = 42 kJ/mol

T₂ = 20 °C = 293 K

The frequency factor A is constant and the initial concentrations are the same.

Since the rate of the uncatalyzed reaction (k₁) is equal to the rate of the catalyzed reaction (k₂), we have:

$k_{1} = k_{2}$

$Ae^{\frac{-Ea_{1}}{RT_{1}}} = Ae^{\frac{-Ea_{2}}{RT_{2}}}$ (1)

By solving equation (1) for T₁ we have:

$T_{1} = \frac{T_{2}*Ea_{1}}{Ea_{2}} = \frac{293 K*70 kJ/mol}{42 kJ/mol} = 488. 33 K = 215.33 ^\circ C$

Therefore, we need to heat the solution at 215.33 °C so that the rate of the uncatalyzed reaction is equal to the rate of the catalyzed reaction.

I hope it helps you!

4 0

4 years ago

Which question is the best scientific question?

Mandarinka [93]

Answer: What does a duck eat most often?

Option D is the best scientific question

Hope it helps....

6 0

3 years ago

Which two rocks contain the mineral quartz?

Goshia [24]

Answer:

3. Granite and Gneiss.

Gneiss is a coarse to medium grained banded metamorphic rock formed from igneous or sedimentary rocks during regional metamorphism. Banded gneisses called migmatites are composed of alternating light colored layers of granite or quartz feldspar and dark layers rich in biotite.

Granite is a purely natural stone that comes directly from stone quarries and is then cut into thin slabs, polished, and fabricated into countertops. So-called quartz countertops are engineered stone products that may contain a large percentage of natural quartz but may also include other minerals.

3 0

3 years ago

Water droplets forming on a window on a cool day is an example of evaporation

Tomtit [17]

Answer:

no its condensation

Explanation:

evaporation is when water.. well evaporated and condensation is when water condenses into liquid from a gas

5 0

3 years ago

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