Nucleic acids contain the same elements as proteins: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen; plus phosphorous (C, H, O, N, and P). Nucleic acids are very large macromolecules composed of repetitive units of the same building blocks, nucleotides, similar to a pearl necklace made of many pearls
animals will use sound, colors, and stance. Another way would be by leaving their imprint or mark on their territory. For example a dog peeing on an area they used.
