These genes could have arisen by gene duplication.
<h3>What is gene duplication?</h3>
Gene duplication is the process of copying a section of DNA that codes for a gene. A retro transposition event or a recombination mistake are both potential causes of gene duplication. As a result, the duplicate gene coding may experience a significant number of modifications throughout time. This might prevent the gene from functioning or, in other situations, give the creature a benefit.
Gene duplication is a phenomenon that can happen through a variety of ways:
- Ectopic Recombination: Uneven crossing-over between misaligned homologous chromosomes during meiosis might result in duplications. A duplication at the exchange site and a reciprocal deletion are the results of this recombination.
- Replication Slippage: Short genomic sequences can be duplicated as a result of the replication error known as replication slippage. DNA polymerase starts copying the DNA during replication, but eventually the polymerase separates from the DNA, causing replication to stall. The replicating strand is incorrectly aligned when the polymerase reattaches to the DNA strand, which accidentally results in several copies of the same portion.
- Aneuploidy: When a single chromosome's nondisjunction causes an abnormally high number of chromosomes, this condition is known as aneuploidy. Aneuploidy is frequently damaging and frequently causes spontaneous miscarriages in mammals. Some aneuploid people can survive. For instance, human trisomy 21 causes Down syndrome but is not lethal.
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Mitochondria and chloroplast have similar DNA, which is not evidence for the endosymbiotic origins of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, a chloroplast and a mitochondria were the independent prokaryotes. Both can be ingested by a large prokaryote and resist digestion. As a result, they continued as endosymbionts and eventually lost some of their autonomic properties. They divide by binary fission, have their own genetic material, possess 70s ribosomes, and Both include their own transcriptional and translational machinery.
Therefore, considering endosymbiotic origin theory, Both Mitochondria and chloroplast have similar DNA is not a piece of evidence.
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Answer:
The pelvis is the best sex-related skeletal indicator, because of distinct features adapted for childbearing. The skull also has features that can indicate sex, though slightly less reliably. Males have a square jawline and the line between the outer edge of the jaw and the ear is vertical. Conversely, in females the jaw is much more pointed and the edge of the jaw slopes gently towards the ear.
Explanation:
Answer:
A mistaken change in DNA sequencing or coding that could be harmful, not noticed or beneficial
Hope this helps!
Nondisjunction is the failure of one or more pairs of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatic.
