Answer:
D
Explanation:
A, B, and C, are all observing the situations, while D states the deer walked down the path earlier because of the tracks, this is hardly obersavable, and you would have to infere the deer took the path early.
The reason why nost scientists thought that the first true cells formed on Earth were anaerobic is being shown in the second option :B. because there was no oxygen on early Earth. Paying attention to this fact scientists discovered that first cells were prokaryotes and greatest part of them created oxygen as a toxic by-product of their own metabolism which make them understand how the planet was provided with oxygen and made a conclusion that first cells were anaerobic.
The mechanisms of reproductive isolation prevent the reproduction of two individuals from different species. The prezygotic mechanisms disrupt the stages of reproduction before the forming of the zygote or prevent the mating at the start, and the postzygotic mechanisms affect the stages of reproduction after the forming of the zygote.
So, the first and the third example (the urchins and the grasshoppers) show the prezygotic mechanism, as the two individuals are not able to mate or form a zygote.
The second and the fourth example ( zonkey and the death of a zygote) show the working of the postzygotic mechanisms, as the zygote is formed, but it seems to be inviable, and the zonkeys are sterile, preventing the individual to reproduce.
