Answer:
Research and development
Explanation:
Fixed cost is cost that does not vary with output. It is cost that is incurred regardless of the units of output produced
Discretionary fixed cost is cost that is incurred at the discretion of the management of a company.
A company can decide to undertake research and development or not to. So, it is an example of discretionary fixed cost
Answer:
C. Subsidized
Explanation:
According to the economic theory, subsidies could be used to counter market weaknesses and externalities so that greater economic performance is achieved. Subsidy refers to the release of funds from the government to an individual, business, or entity. This results in a decrease in the value of the subsidized product. This support could be either in the form of cash or kind and is usually given to support a social or economic policy. The purpose of the subsidy is to promote the interests of society. It is part of the government 's non-planned expenditure.
Answer:
The answer is A.
Explanation:
Out of all the options, only option A is the odd one out. Discount rate for determining net present value of an investment is never dependent upon the present value of the proposal's future cash flows.
Discount rate is dependent upon option B because for selecting a particular investment, alternative investment opportunities must have been considered and if the discount rate for alternative investment was better, it would have been preferred.
Also for Option C. Discount rate for risky investment will be different from the less risky.
It is also dependent upon option D because the cost of equity is always higher than the cost of debt. So it will be different.
