This is a geometric sequence since there is a common ratio between each term. In this case, multiplying the previous term in the sequence by 2 gives the next term.
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I line that is perpendicular is a line with reversed slopes like 2/1 is perpendicular to -1/2. So find the slope by getting the y by itself and reverse it. Remember to switch the signs too! P.S. if you don't know how to get the y by itself just take and subtract 3x from -5y and -4 then divide by 5. Hope I helped!
Again, guess and test should work perfectly fine. Since 2(x+y)=32, x+y = 16. Because y-2 =x, y could be = 9 and x = 7. Hope that help!