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IRISSAK [1]
2 years ago
6

If a central bank wishes to reduce inflation, it should announce its intentions and follow through with them, thereby using ____

_____ monetary policy.
A. visible
B. integral
C. credible
D. authoritative
Business
1 answer:
Mice21 [21]2 years ago
8 0

Answer:

C. credible

Explanation:

A credible monetary policy is the policy where the problem of inconsistency of time can be avoided also the biasness of the inflation also it keeps the inflation under a control.

Therefore in the case when the central bank wants to decrease the inflation so they are using the credible monetary policy

Hence, the correct option is C.

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Suppose that output (Y ) in an economy is given by the following aggregate production function: Yt = Kt + Nt where Kt is capital
shusha [124]

Answer:

Check the explanation

Explanation:

Yt = Kt + Nt

Taking output per worker, we divide by Nt

Yt/Nt = Kt/Nt + 1

yt = kt + 1

where yt is output per worker and kt is capital per worker.

a) With population being constant, savings rate s and depreciation rate δ.

ΔKt = It - δKt

dividing by Nt, we get

ΔKt/Nt = It/Nt - δKt/Nt ..... [1]

for kt = Kt/Nt, taking derivative

d(kt)/dt = d(Kt/Nt)/dt ... since Nt is a constant, we have

d(kt)/dt = d(Kt/Nt)/dt = (dKt/dt)/Nt = ΔKt/Nt = It/Nt - δKt/Nt = it - δkt

thus, Capital accumulation Δkt = i – δkt

In steady state, Δkt = 0

That is I – δkt = 0

S = I means that I = s.yt

Thus, s.yt – δkt = 0

Then kt* = s/δ(yt) = s(kt+1)/(δ )

kt*= skt/(δ) + s/(δ)

kt* - skt*/(δ) = s/(δ)

kt*(1- s/(δ) = s/(δ)

kt*((δ - s)/(δ) = s/(δ)

kt*(δ-s)) = s

kt* = s/(δ -s)

capital per worker is given by kt*

b) with population growth rate of n,

d(kt)/dt = d(Kt/Nt)/dt =

= \frac{\frac{dKt}{dt}Nt - \frac{dNt}{dt}Kt}{N^{2}t}

= \frac{dKt/dt}{Nt} - \frac{dNt/dt}{Nt}.\frac{Kt}{Nt}

= ΔKt/Nt - n.kt

because (dNt/dt)/Nt = growth rate of population = n and Kt/Nt = kt (capital per worker)

so, d(kt)/dt = ΔKt/Nt - n.kt

Δkt = ΔKt/Nt - n.kt = It/Nt - δKt/Nt - n.kt ......(from [1])

Δkt = it - δkt - n.kt

at steady state Δkt = it - δkt - n.kt = 0

s.yt - (δ + n)kt = 0........... since it = s.yt

kt* = s.yt/(δ + n) =s(kt+1)/(δ + n)

kt*= skt/(δ + n) + s/(δ + n)

kt* - skt*/(δ + n) = s/(δ + n)

kt*(1- s/(δ + n)) = s/(δ + n)

kt*((δ + n - s)/(δ + n)) = s/(δ + n)

kt*(δ + n -s)) = s

kt* = s/(δ + n -s)

.... is the steady state level of capital per worker with population growth rate of n.

3. a) capital per worker. in steady state Δkt = 0 therefore, growth rate of kt is zero

b) output per worker, yt = kt + 1

g(yt) = g(kt) = 0

since capital per worker is not growing, output per worker also does not grow.

c)capital.

kt* = s/(δ + n -s)

Kt*/Nt = s/(δ + n -s)

Kt* = sNt/(δ + n -s)

taking derivative with respect to t.

d(Kt*)/dt = s/(δ + n -s). dNt/dt

(dNt/dt)/N =n (population growth rate)

so dNt/dt = n.Nt

d(Kt*)/dt = s/(δ + n -s).n.Nt

dividing by Kt*

(d(Kt*)/dt)/Kt* = s/(δ + n -s).n.Nt/Kt* = sn/(δ + n -s). (Nt/Kt)

\frac{sn}{\delta +n-s}.\frac{Nt}{Kt}

using K/N = k

\frac{s}{\delta +n-s}.\frac{n}{kt}

plugging the value of kt*

\frac{sn}{\delta +n-s}.\frac{(\delta + n -s)}{s}

n

thus, Capital K grows at rate n

d) Yt = Kt + Nt

dYt/dt = dKt/dt + dNt/dt = s/(δ + n -s).n.Nt + n.Nt

using d(Kt*)/dt = s/(δ + n -s).n.Nt from previous part and that (dNt/dt)/N =n

dYt/dt = n.Nt(s/(δ + n -s) + 1) = n.Nt(s+ δ + n -s)/(δ + n -s) = n.Nt((δ + n)/(δ + n -s)

dYt/dt = n.Nt((δ + n)/(δ + n -s)

dividing by Yt

g(Yt) = n.(δ + n)/(δ + n -s).Nt/Yt

since Yt/Nt = yt

g(Yt) = n.(δ + n)/(δ + n -s) (1/yt)

at kt* = s/(δ + n -s), yt* = kt* + 1

so yt* = s/(δ + n -s) + 1 = (s + δ + n -s)/(δ + n -s) = (δ + n)/(δ + n -s)

thus, g(Yt) = n.(δ + n)/(δ + n -s) (1/yt) =  n.(δ + n)/(δ + n -s) ((δ + n -s)/(δ + n)) = n

therefore, in steady state Yt grows at rate n.

5 0
3 years ago
In a market economy, decisions about which goods are produced are based
notsponge [240]

Answer:

A what businesses believe will generate the most profits.

Explanation:

In a market economy, the private sector controls the majority of the factors of production. The government or central authority does not interfere with economic activities in this type of economy. The private sector decides on the production and distribution of goods and services.

The private sector participates in economic activities to make profits. Demand and supply forces determine the type and quantities of goods to be produced. Traders will avail to the markets the goods and services that consumers are willing to buy.

5 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
According to the textbook readings, gross margin results from _____________ 1) Subtracting expenses from profit 2) Subtracting e
sveticcg [70]

Answer:

The answer is 3. Subtracting cost of goods sold from net sales

Explanation:

Gross margin or Gross profit is the profit a business earn after deducting cost associated with making the goods from net sales(Net sales - Cost of goods sold or Cost of sales)

To calculate cost of goods sold - opening inventory/stock plus purchases minus closing inventory/stock.

The attached file also support this statement.

7 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
If labor productivities were exactly proportional to wage levels internationally, this would A) not negate the logical basis for
Irina18 [472]

Answer:

A)not negate the logical basis for trade in the Ricardian model.

Explanation:

Trade can be regarded as basic economic concept which involves the buying as well as selling of goods and services, having a compensation that is been paid by a buyer to a seller.

The Ricardian model can be regarded as model that incorporates the standard assumptions of a perfect competition. This model in it's simplest form give assumption of two countries that are producing two goods, but uses one factor of production, the goods here are usually assumed to be identical, or to be homogeneous, within as well as across countries. It should be noted that when there is higher wage, there will be greater number of workers that are willing to work and vice versa, which defined the relationship between wages and productivity. productivity gives the

measurement of how efficiently labor

is been utilized when producing goods and services.

It should be noted that If labor productivities were exactly proportional to wage levels internationally, this would not negate the logical basis for trade in the Ricardian model.

3 0
2 years ago
Adam Holmes is the Processing Manager of Empire Mortgage Company, a firm that processes loan applications for a number of region
Elina [12.6K]

Answer:

a. <u>Labor variances for 14 PT staff: </u>

Labor rate variance = (Standard Rate – Actual Rate) x (Actual time per app) * (number of apps. completed)

= ($50 - $52) x 1.40 x 2,604

= $7291.20 (Unfavorable)

Labor Efficiency variance = [(Standard hours per app. X number of app.) - (Actual time per App. * number of apps.)] * Std. rate

= [(1.20 * 2,604) - (1.40 * 2,604)] * $50

= [3,124.80 - 3,645.60] * $50

= $26,040 (Unfavorable)

Labor Cost variance = Labor rate variance + Labor efficiency variance

= $7,291.20 (Unfavorable) + $ 26,040 (Unfavorable)

= $33,331.20 (Unfavorable)

<u>Labor variances for 10 SD staff</u>:

Labor rate variance = (Standard Rate – Actual Rate) x (Actual time per app) * (number of apps. completed)

= ($45 - $47) * 1.20 * 1,600

= $3840 (Unfavorable)

Labor Efficiency variance = [(Standard hours per app. X number of app.) - (Actual time per App. * number of apps.)] * Std. rate

= (1.40*1,600) – (1.20*1,600)]*$45

= [2,240 – 1,920] * $45

= $14,400 (Favorable)

Labor Cost variance = Labor rate variance + Labor efficiency variance

= $3,840 (Unfavorable) + $ 14,400 (Favorable)  

= $10,560 (Favorable)

5 0
3 years ago
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