Answer:
The Scientific Revolution influenced the development of the Enlightenment values of individualism because it demonstrated the power of the human mind.
Explanation:
Battle of the Chesapeake, also known as the Battle of the Virginia Capesor simply the Battle of the Capes, was a crucial naval battle in the American Revolutionary War that took place near the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay on 5 September 1781. The combatants were a British fleet led by Rear Admiral Sir Thomas Graves and a French fleet led by Rear Admiral Francois Joseph Paul, the Comte de Grasse. The battle was strategically decisive,[1] in that it prevented the Royal Navy from reinforcing or evacuating the besieged forces of Lieutenant General Lord Cornwallis at Yorktown, Virginia. The French were able to achieve control of the sea lanes against the British and provided the Franco-American army with siege artillery and French reinforcements. These proved decisive in the Siege of Yorktown, effectively securing independence for the Thirteen Colonies.
Battle of the ChesapeakePart of the American War of Independence
The French line (left) and British line (right) do battleDate5 September 1781Locationoff the Virginia Capes, Atlantic OceanResultDecisive French victory[1]Belligerents France Great BritainCommanders and leaders Comte de Grasse Thomas GravesStrength24 ships of the line with 1,542 guns[2]19 ships of the line with 1,410 guns[3]Casualties and losses220 killed or wounded
2 ships damaged[4]90 killed
246 wounded
5 ships damaged
1 ship scuttled[4][5]
Admiral de Grasse had the option to attack British forces in either New York or Virginia; he opted for Virginia, arriving at the Chesapeake at the end of August. Admiral Graves learned that de Grasse had sailed from the West Indies for North America and that French Admiral de Barras had also sailed from Newport, Rhode Island. He concluded that they were going to join forces at the Chesapeake. He sailed south from Sandy Hook, New Jersey, outside New York harbour, with 19 ships of the line and arrived at the mouth of the Chesapeake early on 5 September to see de Grasse's fleet already at anchor in the bay. De Grasse hastily prepared most of his fleet for battle—24 ships of the line—and sailed out to meet him. The two-hour engagement took place after hours of maneuvering. The lines of the two fleets did not completely meet; only the forward and center sections fully engaged. The battle was consequently fairly evenly matched, although the British suffered more casualties and ship damage, and it broke off when the sun set. The British tactics have been a subject of debate ever since.
The two fleets sailed within view of each other for several days, but de Grasse preferred to lure the British away from the bay where de Barras was expected to arrive carrying vital siege equipment. He broke away from the British on 13 September and returned to the Chesapeake, where de Barras had since arrived. Graves returned to New York to organize a larger relief effort; this did not sail until 19 October, two days after Cornwallis surrendered.
Although the struggles that created it erupted some years earlier, the war is conventionally held to have begun in 1618, when the future Holy Roman emperor Ferdinand II, in his role as king of Bohemia, attempted to impose Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains, and the Protestant nobles of both Bohemia and Austria
Answer: Checks and balances
Details:
<u>Article II, Section 2</u> of the Constitution lays out the process for treaties made by the United States with other nations. That section of the Constitution says of the President, "He shall have Power, by and with the Advice and Consent of the Senate, to make Treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur."
The advice and consent of the Senate typically comes after the treaty has been negotiated by the President. As reported by <em>Justia </em>(a legal information site), "The Senate’s role in relation to treaties is essentially legislative in character." In a Supreme Court decision in 1936, this was affirmed by the Court's decision, which said, that the President "alone negotiates. Into the field of negotiation, the Senate cannot intrude" (United States v. Curtiss-Wright Export Corp., 1936). However, for the treaty to become active, the President must secure approval by the Senate, with a two-thirds majority vote, as stipulated by the Constitution.
An article on the United States Senate's own webpage concerning "Advice and Consent of the Senate" notes that this provision in the Constitution was connected to the overall idea of separation of powers that the founding fathers had in mind. In The Federalist Papers (#75, #76), urging ratification of the Constitution, "Alexander Hamilton argued that the provision afforded a necessary means of checks and balances."
Answer:
Neutrality
Explanation:
The US was Neutral till 1941 when Japan attacked pearl harbor and invaded other US territories like Guam and the Philippines.