Answer:
e, both A and C
Explanation:
The lytic life cycle ends when the virus load is expelled from the host cell. But, to be released, the virus have to escape from the host cell's plastic membrane, usually by changing the osmotic change, and making it explode.
This releases the viruses into the extracellular matrix, allowing them to infect other tissue cells.
Answer:
Explanation:
Cell specialization is also called cell differentiation. Through this process, specialized cells form from the unspecialized cells. Then many cells are formed and determined to form specialized functions.
The stem cells are the unspecialized cells which form a different kind of specialized cells.
The muscle cells, nerve cells, sperm cells, red blood cells are specialized cells perform different specialized functions. All these cells arise from stem cells. The nerve cells receive impulse, muscle cells can contract, etc.
There are certain inductive signaling genes that send the signal to the differentiated cells. These signaling molecules are called ligands. These ligands move to another cell to produce specialized cells. In other words, there are some transcription factors and genes responsible for such cell differentiation and the formation of specialized cells.
Another example is zygote, which is an unspecialized cell. This is also a totipotent cell that has the potentiality to reproduce different cells.
I can’t answer how lichens arrive in a barren landscape but I can answer the 2nd part
Lichens grow when exposed to water. When wet, lichens begin to photosynthesize.
Answer: carbon and hydrogen
Explanation:
