The Reformation had the impact of splitting the church in Western Europe into many different groups or "denominations," as we now call them. Prior to the Reformation, throughout most of Europe everyone was part of the Roman Catholic Church. (In the East, there had been the previous split-off of the Eastern Orthodox Church, but let's stick to the Reformation era and western Europe in this answer.) Due to the efforts of reformers like Luther and Calvin and others, there now were multiple religious groups in Europe.
This also led to warfare in the 16th and 17th centuries -- the "Wars of Religion," as they've been called. It took some time for people to grow used to the idea that there could be more than one religion in Europe, and the newly Protestant territories had to fight to maintain sovereignty over affairs in their own territories.
inside the national party.
The most influential members of a party would be at the national level which is basically the top organ of a party. Party officials at the most level, which is the national party are able to influence policy and make the major decisions
Plantations
The flat land was good for farming and so the landowners built very large farms called plantations. The crops that were grown were called cash crops because they were harvested for the specific purpose of selling to others.
After Muhammad's death, the sunni wanted Abu Baker, Muhammad's closest advisor, to become the new leader of the muslim world, while the Shi'a favored Muhammad's cousin Ali. Abu Baker was made the leader of islam, but this left many bitter feelings and more disagreements arose between the two sides, especially many years later following Ali's assassination, eventually leading to the creation of two separate sects.
