The open field doctrine states that officers are allowed to search and take evidence on private property outside of the immediate vicinity of a dwelling without obtaining a warrant.
- A "warrantless search of the area outside a property owner's curtilage" does not violate the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution, according to the open-fields doctrine (also known as the open-field doctrine or open-fields rule) in American criminal procedural law.
- Explains that as long as objects are immediately recognizable as being subject to seizure and are within the sight of an officer who is legally present in the location from where the view is made, they may be properly confiscated without a warrant (illegal).
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Because the armbands were deemed "Pure Speech," the Supreme Court ruled that their suspension is unconstitutional. The armbands had no negative effects on academic performance.
When the Supreme Court rules on a constitutional matter, that decision is essentially definitive; only the constitutional amendment process or a subsequent judgment by the Court may overturn the Court's rulings. However, fresh legislative action may be done in response to the Court's interpretation of legislation.
Legislation, method, or action is unconstitutional if it directly contravenes the constitution. Unless the nation in issue has a system in place for challenging laws as being unconstitutional, all others are regarded as constitutional.
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Answer:
pre-twentieth-century, East Coast, urban gangs in the United States
Explanation:
