The correct option is:
They primarily painted their works using oil paint.
During the Italian Renaissance, some remarkable egg tempera paintings and frescoes were produced. The northern renaissance didn't present that kind of frescoes because the climate wasn't appropriate to cure them. That´s why the north developed the chemistry of oil paints, so artists could have a medium that would dry and last.
Southern blacks lost rights in the years after the thirteenth fourteenth and fifteenth amendments because the North withdrew many of the troops that had been enforcing these new laws, leaving southerners to pass a series of Jim Crow laws that prohibited blacks from voting, gaining jobs, and a variety of other things in the South.