A.
Complex sentences have a lot of words and go into further detail than a basic sentence.
The correct answer is B. Forecasters predicted six more weeks of winter this year..
This is the only complete sentence because it contains one independent clause. An independent clause is necessary for a sentence to be complete and full. Examples A and C aren't sentences for that very reason - they are just fragments and cannot be considered complete because they lack something.
The answer is B. This includes helping verbs or modals like have, could would and adverbs like who, what, where, when, why and how.
A is not the answer, I like cake vs. What is your name? both are short and statements like this are common.
C is not the answer because we often use pronouns in questions and adjectives are used as descriptions regardless of statement or question. Where is she? What is it? Disprove the pronoun aspect. Is it a blue color? Disproves the adjective aspect.
D is not the answer because of questions of fact like, what time is it? There is no direct or indirect object because the verb is a linking verb, used for a statement, connecting or linking the subject to the fact, without an object.
From my understanding, it's the main launguage that people speak based on where there from. I'm not good at explaining but it's like in America, the main launguage people speak is English, while in France most people speak French. Hope this helped!