Cellular respiration is a metabolic pathway that breaks down glucose and produces ATP. The stages of cellular respiration include glycolysis, pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid or Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
During cellular respiration, a glucose molecule is gradually broken down into carbon dioxide and water. Along the way, some ATP is produced directly in the reactions that transform glucose. Much more ATP, however, is produced later in a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative phosphorylation is powered by the movement of electrons through the electron transport chain, a series of proteins embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
These electrons come originally from glucose and are shuttled to the electron transport chain when they gain electrons.
As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water. Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.). As electrons move down the chain, energy is released and used to pump protons out of the matrix, forming a gradient. Protons flow back into the matrix through an enzyme called ATP synthase, making ATP. At the end of the electron transport chain, oxygen accepts electrons and takes up protons to form water.
Glycolysis can take place without oxygen in a process called fermentation. The other three stages of cellular respiration—pyruvate oxidation, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation—require oxygen in order to occur. Only oxidative phosphorylation uses oxygen directly, but the other two stages can't run without oxidative phosphorylation.
Found in every single organic molecule.
Yes I would, the map show that the continents were originally in one placement whereas now they are way different placement then before.
Answer:
3/32 ttyyR-
Explanation:
Cross: Tall, Yellow, Rounded individuals with a tall, green, rounded individual
Parentals) TtYyRr x TtyyRr
Gametes) TYR, TyR, TYr, Tyr, tYR, tyR, tYr, tyr (Parent one)
TyR, TyR, Tyr, Tyr, tyR, tyR, tyr, tyr (Parent two)
We need to know what proportion of offspring is expected to be short plants with round, green seeds. So we need to identify the gametes for these traits. The genotypes are:
- Shot → tt
- Round → RR or Rr
- Green → yy
⇒ Parent one can provide gametes tyR and tyr
⇒ Parent two can provide gametes tyR and tyr
(1/8 tyR x 2/8 tyR) + (1/8 tyR x 2/8 tyr) + (1/8 tyr x 2/8 tyR) =
2/64 ttyyRR + 2/64 ttyyRr + 2/64 ttyyRr =
1/32 ttyyRR + 2/32 ttyyRr =
3/32 ttyyR-
