England became Spain's chief rival in North America because it posed a threat to Spain financially. Furthermore, Spanish ships carrying precious metals like gold were attacked by England and raided as they returned from the New World.
They allowed farmers to band together against railroads and business interests.
D. It was saying how slaves counted as 3/5ths of a person while voting.
The aim of the Radical Republican plan was to reconstruct the South after the American civil war. The USA president of the day, Andrew Johnson, and the USA congress had very different ideas about how the South should be rebuilt. Andrew Johnson wanted to limit the rights of the African Americans, amongst other plans. The Radical Republicans were a group of people within congress who wanted to protect the rights of the African Americans. They also proposed a bill that stated that all people born in the USA had equal rights irrespective or their race, color or creed. These proposals were considered radical because they were very different from the ideals of the day.
