Explanation:
There are several types of antibodies and antigens, and each antibody is capable of binding only to a specific antigen. ... Antigens are bound to antibodies through weak and noncovalent interactions such as electrostatic interactions, hydrogen bonds, Van der Waals forces, and hydrophobic interactions.
Antibodies attach to a specific antigen and make it easier for the immune cells to destroy the antigen. T lymphocytes attack antigens directly and help control the immune response. They also release chemicals, known as cytokines, which control the entire immune response.
Answer:
three types of stimuli—mechanical, thermal, and chemical; some endings respond primarily to one type of stimulation, whereas other endings can detect all types. Chemical substances produced by the body that excite pain receptors include bradykinin, serotonin, and histamine."
Explanation:
From edge
Answer:
B. 0.42
Explanation:
Since the two alleles are at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the sum of the frequency of two alleles will be one. If the frequency of a dominant allele is "p" and that of the recessive allele is "q", then p+q=1
According to the given information, the frequency of one allele in the population is= 0.7
This means that the frequency of the other allele would be= 1-0.7 = 0.3
Frequency of heterozygote in the population =2pq = 2 x 0.7 x 0.3 = 0.42
