It wasn’t settled by any western powers and it is some of the most fertile land on the planet.
Both were poor peasants; other leaders were upper-class or well educated or from the military.
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Both the Elkins Act and the Hepburn Act increased the government's ability to C. REGULATE UNFAIR BUSINESS PRACTICES BY RAILROAD.
The Elkins Act of 1903 authorizes Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) to impose heavy fines on railroad companies that offered rebates and on shippers who accepted these rebates.
The Hepburn Act or Hepburn Rate Bill gave authority to the ICC to regulate the railroad shipping rates.
Answer:
c separation of powers(sorry don't have explanation)
the desire of the U.S. to trade with China on equal terms with European powers