Whenever a research is done, you must reject or accept a null hypothesis (the one you consider is not correct) or your work hypothesis (the theory you think is must probably accurate or close to the truth) usually, when performing a research, you will not always obtain positive or statistically significant results, that validate your hypothesis. Is actually, not unusual that extremes (or extraordinary results) come out (unexpected for several reasons: incorrect size of the sample, improper selection of the subjects- a bias- lack of correct determination of the variable measured or failure to determine the type of the variable-numerical, categorical, ratio,etc-)
Positive or negative results are yet, results whether they prove or reject your hypothesis. Failing to establish a scientific hypothesis does not necessarily mean that they did something wrong, it just says that the hypothesis tested does not approach correctly to the epistemological truth (ultimately, any research is only a mere approximation to reality). Therefore, when two scientists deny sharing<em> unusual results</em>, they are acting unethically, hiding results that can mean something from a different point of view.
reference
Nicholson, R. S. (1989). On being a scientist. Science, 246(4928), 305-306.
English colonists were looking for a new home, where they could support themselves (they had financial troubles back home) and maybe even become wealthy.
America was a good choice as it had a very small number of indigenous population, and northern America was not sucessfully claimed by Spain, so they were free to settle there and they decided to do so.
Actually the answer would happen to be : Scientists now gathered information and facts before creating a theory.
The correct answer is "prediction models". Political scientists have developed prediction models that help to clear doubts about the veracity of the presidential elections. This tool takes into account economic and sociological factors as well as public opinions to predict who is the winner in upcoming presidential elections.
