GTPAL is the acronym being used to obtain history of a pregnant women. G means Gravida which is the total number of pregnancies, this includes the term,preterm and abortion pregnancies and Para is for only the total number of living children. In this case, it would be Gravida 5 and Para 3.
Biomechanics is the term. Its studies the structure and function of biological systems.
The family history of lung cancer is uncontrollable, it is a risk yet the individual can't control that, however he/she can control the eating habits, smoking, and amount of exercise.
Self actualization is a concept from Humanistic psychological theory created by Abraham Maslow. It represents the growth of the individual to attain the highest needs. Self actualization then would involve seeking ways enhancing or achieving personal growth which is then the answer.
The examples are identified as unethical behavior of a doctor. Reuben as a doctor shows unethical practice for it is not right to bribe a patient in return of better treatment. Doctors has moral obligation to the public to help those who need medical treatment with dignity and efficiency. Moreover, every doctor must give quality service to his/her patient during an appointment without discrimination and inequality.