The best and most correct answer among the choices provided by the first question is the third choice or letter C "<span>Living things contain a vital force absent in nonliving things."
On the other hand, the </span>best and most correct answer among the choices provided by the second question is the first choice or letter A, the element oxygen was first discovered among all the choices.
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As per the theory of vitalism, there exists a vital force with in a living substance/molecule which is lacking in a non living thing and hence an organic molecule/substance that are found is living organism cannot be produced by inorganic molecule/substance, rather they can be produced by living things only
2.
Oxygen was discovered in year 1772 by Joseph Priestley. Urea was first synthesized in year 1773 by H.M. Rouelle. Friedrich Ludwig Hünefeld was the first to cyrstallize protein for the first time in history in year 1840. And structure of DNA was first identified in year 1953 by Francis Crick and James Watson.
