Smartphone applications can offer real-time, customized interventions for quitting smoking. The current study evaluates the efficacy of a smartphone-based smoking cessation application that gave messages customized to current smoking lapse risk and specific lapse triggers and assessed risk for impending smoking lapse numerous times per day.
- A safety-net hospital's smoking cessation program recruited participants (N=59) who underwent five phone-based ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) every day for three weeks in a row.
- A new weighted lapse risk estimator was used to evaluate the risk of smoking lapse in real-time.
- Participants in each EMA received messages that were customized to their level of risk for an impending smoking lapse as well as their self-reported presence of smoking urges, stress, access to cigarettes, and motivation to quit.
- Using generalized linear mixed model analysis, it was assessed if communications that were specifically targeted towards lapse risk variables resulted in bigger decreases in these triggers than messages that weren't.
<h3>What results can we observe?</h3>
- In general, communications that were specifically matched to smoking urge, cigarette availability, or stress resulted in higher decreases in those triggers than messages that were not (p's=0.02 to 0.001).
- When only instances of high stress were included in the analysis, the connection between messages adapted to stress and higher reductions in stress than messages not tailored to stress was non-significant (p=0.892).
<h3>What can be concluded?</h3>
- Mobile technology can be utilized to deliver personalized treatment information and do real-time smoking lapse risk assessments.
- Findings offer the first concrete proof that customized material may have an effect on users' stress levels, temptation to smoke, and access to cigarettes.
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<u>Answer:
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All the statements except statement B are true.
<u>Explanation:
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- The magnetic field reversals that have happened on earth from time to time are evident from the geological features found near the mid-oceanic ridge.
- The rock stripes stopped developing in a single direction after the polar direction of the region changed. Hence, the patterns that are seen in the rock stripes can be deemed as proof of magnetic field reversals from time to time.
In the business cycle, what follows immediately after a peak is the Contraction phase.
During this period, economic growth weakens, it is what economists call a recession. The unemployment rate begins to rise. Businesses wait to hire new workers until they are sure the recession is over.
Answer:
Septic systems.
Explanation:
A septic system refers to a highly efficient, self-contained system for handling underground waste. The simple design of the septic system make them economically efficient to install. Since septic systems handle and dispose of on-site household waster, they are often more cost-effective than consolidated sewer systems in rural areas where lot sizes are larger and houses are widely spaced apart.
