The answer is B. a positive self-concept
Humanistic psychology deals with the individual as a unique person. It emphasizes the role of feelings and motives relating to self-esteem. And self-esteem can only be attained through a positive self-concept.
A and C are related. Reciprocal determinism is a theory proposed by Albert Bandura that says a person's behavior is very much influenced by personal factors and his environment. External locus of control is determined by the environment. For D, it's too far from the correct answer because empirical tests are only given to validate a person's personality.
Liberal democracy
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It could be because of how big it was
C. Israel
Religion in Israel is a central feature of the country and plays a major role in shaping Israeli culture and lifestyle, and religion has played a central role in Israel's history. Israel is also the only country in the world where a majority of citizens are Jewish.