Question:All known organisms use genetic information to produce protein molecules via the same genetic code. This finding strongly supports the hypothesis that __________.
a) the earliest macromolecules probably arose when lightning struck an oxygen-free atmosphere
b) all organisms are descended from one or a few common ancestors
c) the genetic code readily evolves by natural selection
d) there's only one possible way to encode information in a macromolecule
Answer:
b) all organisms are descended from one or a few common ancestors
Explanation:
Protein synthesis occurs when the nucleotide sequence of the mRNA is read in the form of genetic codes. A specific genetic code specifies the same amino acid in all living beings. For example, the code "UUU" codes for phenylalanine in all the living beings irrespective of their species. This suggests that all the life forms have originated from one or few common ancestors and the genetic code has been preserved during the course of evolution of various species.
Answer:
The correct options are:
a) The ability to halt the cell cycle in response to DNA damage.
c) The ability to repair DNA damage.
e) The ability to stimulate cell death processes if the cell is irreparably damaged.
Explanation:
p53 gene has been called 'the guardian of the genome' because its prevents genome mutations which can bear to tumor formation. The main roles of p53 are:
DNA repair (option c): it activates a ribonucleotide reductase which is involved in DNA repair when it is damaged.
Growth arrest (option a): it avoids the cycle cell progression when a damage occur.
Apoptosis (option e): it induces programmed cell death or apoptosis (because every cell must die eventually).
These processes are involved in prevention of tumor formation through activation/inhibition patways which in last instance prevent the replication of cells with a damaged/mutated genome.
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
The bacteria require less energy to make offspring,
They do not need a partner
Also the reproduction is faster and rapid compared to sexual reproduction.
<h3><u>Explanation</u>;</h3>
- Asexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves one parent and produces offspring that are genetically identical to each other and to the parent.
- In sexual reproduction, on the other hand, two parents are involved, who produce reproductive cells called gametes that unite to form an offspring.
- <em><u>E. coli is a bacteria that reproduces asexually. An asexual reproducing organism can produce many offspring in a short period of time without utilizing energy to find a mate</u></em><u>. </u>
Answer:
a. Normally, PK2 activates PK1. We are told that PK1 and PK2 normally work sequentially in an intracellular signaling pathway. If PK1 is permanently activated, a response is seen independently of whether or not PK2 is present. If PK1 activated PK2, no response should be seen if PK1 were activated in the absence of PK2.
GSK-3 is an unusual protein kinase in that it displays high, “constitutive” activity in unstimulated cells and is rapidly inactivated upon a variety of cellular stimulations. The most thoroughly documented pathway for the inactivation of GSK-3 is in response to insulin and is mediated by protein kinase B (PKB, also termed Akt), which lies upstream of GSK-3 [8].
Answer:
What changes does each instrument measure?
b: tiltmeter
Explanation:
Tiltmeter measures vertical movement. Creep meter measures horizontal movement.