Answer:
a rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane of the cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria. In the algae and higher plants it consists mainly of cellulose.
Explanation:
Answer:
It limits the spread of pathogens
Explanation:
Many diseases are contracted byu direct contact with an individual that is a carrier of a disease. The pathogens primarily spread by direct contact includes parasites, certain bacteria, certain viruses. For example, viruses include: Hepatitis A and Hepatitis E and are associated with poor sanitation and hygiene, leading to infection and inflammation of the liver.
Answer:
When directed mutagenesis which is also called reverse genetics is used, only a single mutation per genome is introduced. In contrast, the number of mutations per genome introduced by random mutagenesis is usually difficult to control. It is likely that the strain you obtained with a mutation in gene X after random mutagenesis contained an additional mutation or perhaps multiple mutations which ultimately was/were responsible for loss of virulence in your favorite pathogen.
What do you need help with ?
Answer:
stay the same, decrease, increase in that order
