Answer:
c) reduce harvest levels towards the economic optimum.
Explanation:
An individual transfer rights (ITR) system can be defined as a system in which the government of a particular country gives each fishing vessel or owner a specific percentage of the total fish allowable to be caught each year.
Licensing can be defined as a strategic business approach, which involves a company giving permission (license) to another company so it has the right to produce or manufacture its products, usually for a specific amount of money.
When a license fee is charged by a licensor for access to a fishery, it will significantly reduce harvest levels towards the economic optimum, where neither a smaller nor a larger factor would yield any form of advantage.
This ultimately implies that, a license fee would serve as a limiting factor that prevents or limits the number of people going into fish farming and as a result of this, the total amount of fish that would be harvested would be smaller.