The correct answer is negative
Explanation: Negative reinforcement is a term described by BF Skinner operant conditioning theory. In negative reinforcement, a response or behavior is reinforced by stopping, removing or avoiding a negative result or aversive stimulus.
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Aversive stimuli</em> tend to involve some kind of discomfort, whether physical or psychological. Behaviors are negatively reinforced when they allow you to escape aversive stimuli that are already present or allow you to avoid aversive stimuli completely before they happen.
Answer:
The Categorical Imperative, was the philosophical view of moral actions and behavior in people, according to Immanuel Kant, its creator. Basically, this philosophy states that there are universal truths that cannot be altered, or changed, by absolutely anything: not by culture, not by genetics, not by learning, and much less by the beliefs of the majority. A truth is what it is, and it must be obeyed as the utmost "right", not merely what is "good".
In contrast to Kant´s philosophy, which was born from Kant´s displeasure with how the society of his time behaved, it was hypothetical imperatives that would dictate how people needed to behave to be considered moral. These hypothetical imperatives were truths that were dependent on certain circumstances, and on empirical knowledge, and therefore, were bound to change given certain conditions. This was something that Kant could not tolerate and thus fed his need to create his Categorical Imperative philosophy.
However, even during his own time Kant´s philosophy was criticized and questioned. And one person who did that was Benjamin Constant, who proposed the idea of the Inquiring Murdered. He said that if Kant´s philosophy of moral behavior was absolute, then when a murdered asked a question, he should be given the TRUTH, because that woud be what was universally held as morally right. But if that truth led to the murderer finding his victim, then, what did the philosophy told people was right to do? This questioning showed even Kant that there were instances in which due to the nature of the situation, lying would not be held as wrong, but rather, as the correct measure to act morally.
Answer:
It leads to an experience of catharsis, which is a relieving of emotional trauma
Explanation:
A psychoanalyst's aim would be to bring thoughts and feelings that have been buried to the conscious mind in order for these experiences to be examined. In this light, psychoanalyst believes that if the original stressor is examined, it can lead to an experience of catharsis, a feeling of relieving repressed emotion.
Answer: B) Objectivity
Explanation:
Objectivity is the trait that determines that something does not prejudices, biasing factor, discrimination, personal view, judgmental behavior etc. Decision or thinking that is objective has certain impartiality and just behavior.
According to the question, Jonathan has objectivity in making decision because he does not let people focus on emotions rather guide them to focus on their issue so that fairness can be maintained.
Other options are incorrect because communication, awareness, sincerity and credential are not the factors that is depicted from the scenario of question.Thus, the correct option is option(B).
