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steposvetlana [31]
3 years ago
10

A replacement or modification to a base in a molecule is called a __________________

Biology
2 answers:
Llana [10]3 years ago
4 0
A. The Answer to this question is Mutation.

pychu [463]3 years ago
3 0

Answer: Mutation

Explanation:

Any replacement or modification to a base in a molecule is known as mutation. Any change in the single base pair is also known as mutation.

Mutation results from the error takes place during the time of DNA replication, mitosis and meiosis.

Mutation can also be caused by the addition or deletion of the base pair. There are basically 3 types of mutation: Insertion, deletion, substitution.

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Meiosis reduces chromosome number and rearranges genetic information. Explain how the reduction and rearrangement are accomplish
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Answer:

Explanation:

Meiosis is a form of cell division that occurs in the sex cells of organisms. It ensures the reduction of a diploid cell to an haploid cell to allow for the formation of a diploid zygote after fertilization (contribution of both parents haploid sex cells to give a diploid zygote). Thus, this process is very essential and important.

The reduction is accomplished by 2 divisions after the duplication of chromosomes

- first division: separation of homologous pairs of chromosomes (this reduces the total in half)

- second division: separation of sister chromatids of a chromosome.

The rearrangement in meiosis occurs by crossing over/genetic recombination.

This is the exchange of genetic material between homologous pairs of chromosome bringing about a rearrangement and genetic variation

An example of a chromosomal abnormality that arises as a result of defects in this process is the Down Syndrome which is caused by a nondisjunction of the chromosomes 21 pair in a sex cell.

This condition produces offsprings that have some characteristic facial features, short stature etc

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