Answer:
1.25% probability that 20 young workers average less than 15 weeks to find a job
Step-by-step explanation:
To solve this question, we need to understand the normal probability distribution and the central limit theorem.
Normal probability distribution:
Problems of normally distributed samples are solved using the z-score formula.
In a set with mean
and standard deviation
, the zscore of a measure X is given by:
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
The Z-score measures how many standard deviations the measure is from the mean. After finding the Z-score, we look at the z-score table and find the p-value associated with this z-score. This p-value is the probability that the value of the measure is smaller than X, that is, the percentile of X. Subtracting 1 by the pvalue, we get the probability that the value of the measure is greater than X.
Central Limit Theorem:
The Central Limit Theorem estabilishes that, for a random variable X, with mean
and standard deviation
, the sample means with size n of at least 30 can be approximated to a normal distribution with mean
and standard deviation ![s = \frac{\sigma}{\sqrt{n}}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=s%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B%5Csigma%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7Bn%7D%7D)
In this problem, we have that:
![\mu = 16, \sigma = 2, n = 20, s = \frac{2}{\sqrt{20}} = 0.4472](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmu%20%3D%2016%2C%20%5Csigma%20%3D%202%2C%20n%20%3D%2020%2C%20s%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B2%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B20%7D%7D%20%3D%200.4472)
What is the probability that 20 young workers average less than 15 weeks to find a job?
This is the pvalue of Z when X = 15. So
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{\sigma}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7B%5Csigma%7D)
By the Central Limit Theorem
![Z = \frac{X - \mu}{s}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7BX%20-%20%5Cmu%7D%7Bs%7D)
![Z = \frac{15 - 16}{0.4472}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20%5Cfrac%7B15%20-%2016%7D%7B0.4472%7D)
![Z = -2.24](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Z%20%3D%20-2.24)
has a pvalue of 0.0125.
1.25% probability that 20 young workers average less than 15 weeks to find a job