Answer: Choice D

=====================================================
Explanation:
The left portion is the interval (-∞, -2)
This is a shorthand way of saying 
The curved parenthesis says "do not include this endpoint as part of the solution set". Note the open hole at x = -2 in the diagram.
In contrast, the value x = 4 is included (due to the filled in circle), so we use a square bracket for this endpoint. Therefore, the right-hand portion is represented by [4, ∞) which translates to 
Negative and positive infinity will always use a parenthesis, and never a square bracket. This is because we can only approach infinity but never reach it, so we cannot include it as an endpoint.
All of this builds up to the full interval notation to be 
The only square bracket is near the 4; everything else is a curved parenthesis. This is why choice D is the final answer.
The expected length of code for one encoded symbol is

where
is the probability of picking the letter
, and
is the length of code needed to encode
.
is given to us, and we have

so that we expect a contribution of

bits to the code per encoded letter. For a string of length
, we would then expect
.
By definition of variance, we have
![\mathrm{Var}[L]=E\left[(L-E[L])^2\right]=E[L^2]-E[L]^2](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cmathrm%7BVar%7D%5BL%5D%3DE%5Cleft%5B%28L-E%5BL%5D%29%5E2%5Cright%5D%3DE%5BL%5E2%5D-E%5BL%5D%5E2)
For a string consisting of one letter, we have

so that the variance for the length such a string is

"squared" bits per encoded letter. For a string of length
, we would get
.
Okay, move the decimal behind the 8. There are 4 places before the decimal so it is nagitive. If there are places Infront of the decimal is nagitive. So the answer is 8.235×10-4
Answer:
yea what do you need help with?
Step-by-step explanation:
Step-by-step explanation:

Or basically,

or
