Answer:
D.)
Explanation:
(I know this, by experience :|)
Answer:
Compound: These are made of the various type of same or different elements. These elements show a specific ratio in a particular compound.
The physical properties are traits of a particular compound or element that can be observed physically like the state of matter, color, odor, and other. The chemical properties and physical properties of compounds and elements they formed are different.
It is not comparable as the elements have no or very little individual value in a compound. For instance, water made of hydrogen and oxygen, where water is liquid and constituents are gas.
Answer:
Lightning is not considered a form of precipitation but rather a discharge of electricity.
Biotic and abiotic limitations determine the carrying capacity of a population.
<h3>What is carrying capacity?</h3>
Carrying capacity is defined as the maximum number of individuals that an environment can sustain without destroying the environment. It is determined by various factors such as food availability, water, and space.
So we can conclude that Biotic and abiotic limitations determine the carrying capacity of a population.
Learn more about capacity here:brainly.com/question/1464531
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Answer with Explanation:
Gramicidine is an antibiotic that has a polypeptide structure and is composed of 3 chains. This molecule can adopt a structure called beta 6-3 helix, so as to form a channel through the cell membrane of bacteria which allows the passage of ions (in this case cations) such as H +, K + or Na +, this situation leads to that in the cell alterations in the content of cellular cations are generated, among the effects the loss of potassium that can cause the death of the cell due to hemolysis due to alteration in the permeability of the membrane is highlighted. This effect is known as the ionophore effect.
An ionophore effect leads to the inhibition in the release of H + to the mitochondrial electronic transport chain.
Gramicidin thanks to its mechanism of action, when it produces interference specifically in a cellular organelle called mitochondria in the inner mitochondrial membrane, it is responsible for interrupting the passage of electrons, alters the gradient of H + and the performance of the enzyme called ATP- synthase which is responsible for producing ATP.
The damage that the entire previous situation produces on oxidative phosphorylation, leads to the refusal of ADP refosphorylation, then ADP and its hydrolysis products will accumulate, and finally the result will be a decrease in ATP levels.
