You can tell if this is proportional even without graphing it. The x values on Table F jump inconsistently while y values stay consistent. Table G, however, both values stay consistent. table G is proportinal.
The value of 5 is 10 because it is in the tens place. If you draw a place value chart it shows that 5 is in the tens place. You could also draw it with 5 blocks with ten cubes.