Answers:
1. Adaptations to survive in specific island conditions:
Morphological adaptations for eating food resources from a specific island. For example, a mandibular structure adapted to eat the food that they obtain.
Behavioral adaptations to avoid depredators. For example, diurnal habits because predators have nocturnal habits.
Physiological adaptations to survive in specific conditions. For example, a lower metabolic rate if food resources are limited.
Stress-induced adaptations to survive in specific stressful conditions. For example, reduction in transpiration is a stress-induced adaptation that enables to rat survive if water resources are limited.
2. Example: Introduction of the rat with diurnal habits in the island with predators that has the same habits is a challenge to survive in this new environment. In this case, the rat can develop different strategies to avoid predators: specific sounds to alert other members of the population on the presence of predators, an immobile pose to simulate death, etc.
<h2>Cannon -Bard theory</h2>
Explanation:
- Alone in the woods, Pedro hears a noise. He thinks he sees a bear coming toward him. His heart starts pounding and then, a moment later, he realizes how frightened he is. This sequence of events is BEST explained by the <u>Cannon-Bard t</u>heory of emotion.
According to Cannon-Bard theory, all the emotional expressions occur due to the stimulation of hypothalamic structures present in brain. This theory also states that feeling and physiological effects of an emotional stimuli occurs simultaneously.
Here, James thinks that a bear is coming, this is a stimulus. His heart starts pounding that is the physiological effect of the stimulus and the next moment he feels frightened which is a feeling.
So we conclude that in this case, the physiological effect and feeling of emotion occurred simultaneously. So these sequence of events is best explained by Cannon-Bard's theory.
Answer:
Osmosis is the diffusion of water through a cell membrane
The answer is phototrophism