Answer:
E. are found in nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria AND are used to protect nitrogenase.
Explanation:
Heterocysts are specialized cellular compartments found in nitrogen fixing cyanobacteria. They provide the ideal anaerobic environment for nitrogen fixation since nitrogenase enzyme cant work in presence of oxygen. Hence, in a cyanobacteria both the oxygen requiring photosynthesis process and the oxygen sensitive nitrogen fixation process takes place simultaneously.
Heterocysts have an additional cell wall made of glycolipid that provides a hydrophobic barrier to oxygen. They are involved in production of nitrogenase and other proteins that are required for nitrogen fixation. They also degrade photosystem II which is responsible for producing oxygen and produce proteins which remove any remaining oxygen.
Answer:
it is expected that the mutation results in a reduced initiation of translation and thereby decreasing the level of the protein A, while it does not change the level of mRNA A
Explanation:
Translation in bacteria starts with the formation of the initiation complex which is composed of the small ribosomal subunit, the messenger RNA (mRNA), initiation factors and the initiator transference RNA (tRNA) containing N-formyl-methionine. The small ribosomal subunit binds to a polypurine stretch of variable length in the mRNA called 'the Shine-Dalgarno sequence'. A mutation in this sequence reduces the affinity of the ribosome for the mRNA, thereby, in this case, decreasing the level of protein A. Since transcription occurs before translation, it is expected that this mutation does not change the level of expression of the mRNA A.
<span>The ecosystem is the lowest level of the biosphere hierarchy to include weather patterns and soil conditions.
in the whole biosphere hierarchy, ecosystem actually placed as the second highest (1 place below biosphere)
But there are only 2 hierarchy that include weather and soils, and those hierarchies are biosphere and ecosystem. So technically the ecosystem will be the lowest in this matter</span>
Large brain size, small and flat face, small jaws and teeth, exploitation of diversity are some common features of <em>homo </em>species. <em>Different</em><em> </em><em>homo </em>species have different shapes of skulls.
Homo, genus of the family Hominidae (order Primates), is distinguished by a relatively large cranial capacity, limb structure adapted to a habitual erect posture and a bipedal gait, well-developed and fully opposable thumbs, hands capable of power and precision grips, and the ability to make standardized precision tools by combining one tool with another.
<em>Different </em><em>Homo </em>species are differentiate from skull shapes. Their body shapes also tends to vary. This is due to different environment conditions in different time zones.
However,<em> Homo</em> species show many common characteristics such as Large brain size, small and flat face, small jaws and teeth.
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To learn more about <em>Homo</em> species follow this link:
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