Answer:
Answer is explained below;
Explanation:
Adaptation is referred to as a change or mutation that occurs in an organism that helps it to survive in its environment. The three types of adaptations include structural or morphological, physiological or chemical and behavioral adaptations.
- Physiological or chemical adaptations.
Physiological or chemical adaptations are adaptations that do not show from the outside and are based on the body chemistry and metabolism of organisms which enable them to regulate their body functions and perform certain peculiar functions such as defense mechanisms in order to survive in its environment. Examples include the toxins released by certain plant leaves to repel herbivores, compounds present in the saliva of the mosquito to prevent blood coagulation, the more efficient kidneys of desert animals, etc.
For example, in certain marine organisms that are sedentary or move slowly such as starfish or sea stars, the chemical adaptation helps them to protect from predators. They excrete some chemicals from their skin as a defense mechanism that is harmful to the predators.
Whales are marine mammals that migrate to large distances and spend most of their time in arctic, tropical or temperate waters. In order to survive these temperature changes, they maintain a constant body temperature that is not dependent on the surrounding water. So, they are called endothermic or warm-blooded animals.
- Structural (morphological) adaptations.
A change that occurs in the appearance or morphology (structure) of an organism in order to survive in its environment is known as structural adaptations. Examples of structural adaptations include the sharp eyesight of predatory birds, small ears of Arctic foxes to retain body heat, corky bark of trees to protect from wildfires, etc.
Behavioral adaptations are adaptations that affect the behavior or action of an organism in order to survive in its environment. Examples include birds migrating to warmer winter climates, hibernation of bears to escape the cold, desert animals active at night during hot summer weather, etc.
