A cladogram a diagram that shows the relationship among organisms according to A common ancestor and specific characteristics. F
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Explanation:
B [A.Golgi apparatus B.nucleolus C.endoplasmic reticulum D.mitochondrion E.ribosome F.lysosome]
Cellular organelles comprise proteins parceled into membranes. These allow for storage of substances, and specialization of cell function.
Further Explanation:
Cells' structural components (i.e. their makeup) determine their function (what they do) . For instance, photosynthesizing cells in algae and plants have structures called chloroplasts. These contain chlorophyll, a specialized compound which facilitates the conversion of light energy to energy stored in carbohydrates.
In specific cell types, collected proteins may function as a unit called an organelle. Some organelles are bound by membranes like those that make up the external structure of the cell, with varying compositions of phospholipids and proteins. These are advantageous, as they:
- may increase metabolic reaction efficiency; they allow cells to concentrates smaller fractions of enzymes and solutes such as the mitochondria
- separate proteins and molecules that me harm the cell by parceling them into membrane-bound organelles for example, proteaseas bound within lysosomes can break down many structural proteins as seen in lysosomes
- More specifically some organelles like vacuoles play a structural role in the cell; supports the cell membrane by exerting turgor pressure.
Other structures also play important support roles:
- Nucleus: houses all the genetic information of the organism
- most proteins that function in the cytosol nucleus (such as DNA polymerase) are synthesized by free ribosomes.
- Cytoplasm: contains the cytosol, microfilaments and other support structures in the cytoskeleton; it holds parts of the cell together
- Golgi apparatus: protein modification and parceling for export
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