Answer:
c. the informal organization
Explanation:
The Hawthorne Studies was a study that centered around the employees that were working at the Hawthorne plant of the Western Electric Company and it was conducted in the 1920s by Elton Mayo and Fritz Roethlisberger.
Basically, the study was focused on examining the socio-psychological aspects of human behavior (employees) working in a business firm or an organization.
The main purpose of the Hawthorne Studies was to analyze, examine and determine how various aspects of the work environment in an organization which typically includes break time, lighting, and duration of work hours have on the level of productivity (performance) of employees.
Hence, the Hawthorne Studies uncovered the importance of the informal organization and its impact on the level of productivity for workers.
