Answer:
Explanation:
The cell membrane separates the cell from the outer environment. The extracellular fluid contains the sodium ions (Na+), chloride ions (Cl-), while intracellular fluid contains potassium (K +) and negative anions.
The potential difference arises when the membrane is selectively permeable to some ions. The resting potential is -70mV.
When the neurons get excited, the sodium ions start to enter by sodium channels.
Now there are more positive ions inside the cell membrane. It disturbs the resting potential i.e. -70mV. This stage is known as depolarization.
When the inside environment of the cell is more positively charged, the potassium ions start to move out of the cell. It goes out by the voltage-gated channels. Thus resting stage is maintained and it is known as repolarization.
But the initial stability of the cell membrane has to be maintained. To restore the resting stage, the sodium ions start to move out of the membrane and potassium ions enter into the cells again. This is an active transport and has done by the Na+ - K+ pump. Here 3 sodium ions move out and 2 potassium ions pumped into the cell through the plasma membrane.
Thus the resting potential regains. The potassium ions come back into the cells against the concentration gradient and ATP provides the energy for this phenomena.
Answer:
In cats, there are two types of ears: normal and curly. A curly-eared cat mated with a normal- eared cat, and all of the kittens had curly ears. Are curly ears a dominant or recessive trait? Explain.
CC x cc = Cc, Cc, Cc, and Cc 4:0
All kittens have curly ears, this is as a result of the dominance of curly ears to normal ears that is recessive
Explanation:
I believe its Uranus and Neptune, please tell me if I'm wrong.
Reason: an ice planet is made up of a semi icy surface like perhaps water, oxygen, or any other element stronger than hydrogen. Neptune and Uranus both meet this match, they are made up of elements that are actually stronger than hydrogen.
Answer:
MARK THE IMPORTANT THINGS.
FOCUS ON IT.
TAKE VERY SMALL BREAKS
UNDERSTAND IT.
REWARD YOUR SELF