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A computer has a memory hierarchy, rather than just a single memory component. The lowest level is some form of secondary storage such as a magnetic disk. The next level is the main memory where a subset of the data from the hard disk is stored temporarily. The cache memory is the next level and uses SRAM to store frequently used data. Finally, the register store variables and temporary results for the current CPU computations.
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Explanation:
The arithmetic logic unit (ALU) performs mathematical, logical, and decision operations. It can be divided into the arithmetic unit (responsible for addition, subtraction, multiplication and division). And logic unit (responsible for comparing, selecting, matching and merging different data or information). The power and efficiency of the CPU depends on the design of the ALU.
Next up is the control unit (CU) which directs all the processor’s operations. It’s where the CPU reads and interprets requests from memory and transforms them into a series of signals (binary). Then it sends the operation to various parts of the laptop as instructed. The CU calls the ALU to perform the necessary calculations. It also coordinates all input/output devices to transfer or receive instructions.
The main job of the memory unit is to store data or instructions and intermediate results. It’s divided into primary memory and secondary memory to supply data to other units of the CPU. It allows the CPU to perform functions requested by programs like the operating system without having to ask RAM.
Another element of the CPU not depicted in the diagram is transistors. To carry out calculations, binary information (ones and zeros) is stored in these microscopic switches. They control the flow of electricity depending on whether the switch is ON or OFF. Signals turn off and on different combinations of transistors to perform calculations. A very thin silicon chip can contain several hundred million transistors.
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Computer is an example of electronic device.
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