Thomas Paine (1737–1809) was a radical writer who emigrated from England to America in 1774. Just two years later, early in 1776, Paine published Common Sense, a hugely influential pamphlet that convinced many American colonists that the time had finally come to break away from British rule. (I don’t think that’s right or not)
Answer:
Delaware, Maryland, that's pretty much it
Political Parties Splinter: The issue of slavery split the Democratic Party in two in 1860.
The Election of 1860: Slavery was the main issue and Lincoln wanted to ban it in all new territories, and since the north had a bigger population than the South Lincoln had the most votes and won.
Southern States secede: Before Lincoln took office, seven states left the Union. The Confederate States of America chose Jefferson Davis as their president, and the right to slaves was allowed in their Constitution
Efforts at Compromise Fail: When he took office, Lincoln tried to save the Union without war.
First Shots at Fort Sumter: Lincoln calls South Carolina to tell that he is going to send ships there to supply the fort.
Lincoln Calls out the Militia: Lincoln asked the Union states to provide 75,000 militiamen. Slave States who were still in the Union got mad and some left. This is where the Civil War started to kick off.
Hope this helps, have a blessed day! :-)
For Dictatorship, the second answer is incomplete, a dictator may obtain power not only through elections but by a military or institutional coup d'état, a civil war or a military intervention by a foreign power.
In a republic, power is held by those citizens that are able and government is a public matter (res publica in latin) to vote and the power comes from their vote during elections.