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4. Which relationship is an example of commensalism?
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The given question says that b species diverged around 60,000 year ago from species a. Since the divergence, they have a nucleotide difference of 15 nucleotide.
We need to find out the nucleotide difference in another 240,000 year, which means a total of 300,000 year since divergence.
The nucleotide difference in 60,000 years = 15 nucleotide.
The nucleotide difference in 1 year = nucleotide.
The nucleotide difference in 300,000 years = nucleotide.
The nucleotide difference in 300,000 years = 75 nucleotide.
Hence, after another 240,000 years or 300,000 years since divergence, the species and species b would show a difference of 75 nucleotide.
In another 240,000 years, there would be 60 nucleotide difference, as 15 of the nucleotide are already different in initial 60,000 years from the total of 75 nucleotide difference in 300,000 years. So, 60 (75-15) nucleotide difference would be observed in next 240,000 years.