moral lessons...I guess? The author, Lewis Carroll, never intended the story to have a moral lesson. I'd argue against that, but that might be what you're looking for.
D because its the 90-day forecast duhhh
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It uses a metaphor. The traffic isn't actually heavy, but it uses a metaphor to explain that there was a lot of traffic.
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2) More specific descriptions of the sights, sounds, and smells mentioned by Yasmin