Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
Percent: The percent is the number with the % symbol: 20%.
Base: The base is the whole amount, which in this case is unknown.
Amount: The amount based on the percent is 40
Base = unknown
Answer:
120 pounds
Step-by-step explanation:
Since the new cost is 144 pounds and this is 20% more, this is 120% of the original price. Remember 100+20 = 120. To find the original price set up a proportion with these values:

Solve for the original price by cross multiplying numerator with denominator.
x(120) = 144(100)
120x = 14400
x= 120 pounds
Writing the word problem as an equation you get:
x - 18 ≥ -12
Now to solve for x:
Add 18 to both sides of the inequality:
x ≥ -12 + 18
Simplify:
x ≥ 6