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<span>The chemical elements</span><span> can be broadly divided into </span>metals<span>, </span>metalloids<span> and </span>nonmetals<span> according to their shared </span>physical<span> and </span>chemical properties<span>. All metals have a shiny appearance (at least when freshly polished); are good conductors of heat and electricity; form </span>alloys<span> with other metals; and have at least one </span>basic oxide<span>. Metalloids are metallic-looking brittle solids that are either </span>semiconductors<span> or exist in semiconducting forms, and have </span>amphoteric<span> or weakly </span>acidic oxides<span>. Typical nonmetals have a dull, coloured or colourless appearance; are </span>brittle<span> when solid; are poor conductors of heat and electricity; and have acidic oxides. Most or some elements in each category share a range of other properties; a few elements have properties that are either anomalous given their category, or otherwise extraordinary.</span>
Answer:
option B
Rough endoplasmic reticulum → Golgi apparatus → plasma membrane
Explanation:
The pathway used to make and export proteins from the cell is rough endoplasmic reticulum which have ribosomes. After which it is transferred to golgi apparatus. The golgi apparatus process it and form vesicle. These vesicles are then transported to plasma membrane.
substrate is released from the active sites of an enzyme during a chemical reaction
Answer:
Explanation:
1 Long term exposure to harmful genotoxic chemicals or ionizing radiation can cause changes in the base sequence of DNA.Chemicals might induce DNA mutations, such as polycyclic hydrocarbons (fumes found in oil stations, or smoke from a tobacco cigarette), intercalating agents such as Ethidium Bromide (carcinogen), but also radiations such as UV-radiation (C and T bases are most vulnerable and would bind to identical bases unstead of their
2 Genetic changes that are described as de novo (new) mutations can be either hereditary or somatic. In some cases, the mutation occurs in a person’s egg or sperm cell but is not present in any of the person’s other cells. In other cases, the mutation occurs in the fertilized egg shortly after the egg and sperm cells unite. (It is often impossible to tell exactly when a de novo mutation happened.) As the fertilized egg divides, each resulting cell in the growing embryo will have the mutation. De novo mutations may explain genetic disorders in which an affected child has a mutation in every cell in the body but the parents do not, and there is no family history of the disorder.
Somatic mutations that happen in a single cell early in embryonic development can lead to a situation called mosaicism. These genetic changes are not present in a parent’s egg or sperm cells, or in the fertilized egg, but happen a bit later when the embryo includes several cells. As all the cells divide during growth and development, cells that arise from the cell with the altered gene will have the mutation, while other cells will not. Depending on the mutation and how many cells are affected, mosaicism may or may not cause health problems.