An insertion mutation occurs when an extra nucleotide is added to the DNA strand during replication. This can happen when the replicating strand "slips," or wrinkles, which allows the extra nucleotide to be incorporated (Figure 2). Strand slippage can also lead to deletion mutations. I’m not sure if this right but I tried
Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level.
Explanation: this is the interface between organism and environment, and alters permeability to various ions and molecules to maintain the internal envitonment.
