The order in which toxic nitrogen compounds are converted to less toxic nitrogen compounds in the nitrogen cycle is NH3 ----> NO2- -----> NO3-
The nitrogen cycle refers to the movement of nitrogen in the ecosystem. The process of converting nitrogen into less toxic forms of nitrogen which is useful to plants is called nitrification.
During the process of nitrification, ammonia or ammonium is first converted to nitrates by the action of the microorganism called nitrosomonas. Nitrobacter converts nitrites to nitrates which are useful to plants.
Hence, the order in which toxic nitrogen compounds are converted to less toxic nitrogen compounds in the nitrogen cycle is NH3 ----> NO2- -----> NO3-
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The correct answer is: 5) NER recognizes helix distortions, while BER recognizes specific base damage.
DNA damage that occurs as a result of radiation, oxidizing reagents, chemicals and other mutagens can be repaired. Excision repair repairs single strand DNA damage and it includes:
• Nucleotide excision repair (NER)-it detects and repairs types of damage that distort the DNA double helix such as those of UV radiation (thymine dimers); not only the damaged nucleotide(s) are removed but also a surrounding patch of DNA
• Base excision repair (BER)-it detects and removes certain types of damaged bases (small, non-helix-distorting bases); enzyme glycosylase is responsible for this type of repair
Answer:
As organisms adapt to changing conditions, they evolve in a way to fit their surrounding environment. According to Darwin's <em>survival of the fittest</em> concept, organisms that can adapt to fluctuating conditions are more fitter and hence selected by nature.
Here fitter means reproductive superiority.
Answer:
A decrease in pH is too acidic compared to optimum pH for amylase activity. The hydrogen ion changes amylase sites of activity and amylase activity become low. At pH 13 to 1 which is acidic, reduces the activity of amylase because the hydrogen ion changes amylase activity sites and render it's action low which will denatures amylase and make it ineffective.
Explanation:
Amylase refer to enzymes that catalyses or breakdown starch into sugars. General, enzymes are biological substances that speed up the rate of chemical reactions.
Enzymes generally are affected by pH. The most favorable pH is the optimum pH which make amylase to be effective or enzymes.
A high pH or low pH has effect on the enzymes and will reduces enzymes activities. A low pH will cause the hydrogen ion to alter the enzymes sites and reduce their activities while high pH will cause the hydroxides ion to alter the enzymes activity sites.
