Answer:
It is considered to be a scientific theory because,
Explanation:
there are many other believes or as you would call it religions that give a good explanation on how humans were created.
To be honest I don't believe the evolution because what if there was another way we were created, and not really turned into cavemen that came from monkey's or whatever.
It is honestly up to YOU on what you believe or feel about were we came from!
Carbon dioxide—\text {CO}_2CO
2
start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript—from the atmosphere is taken up by photosynthetic organisms and used to make organic molecules, which travel through food chains. In the end, the carbon atoms are released as \text {CO}_2CO
2
start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript in respiration.
Slow geological processes, including the formation of sedimentary rock and fossil fuels, contribute to the carbon cycle over long timescales.
Some human activities, such as burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, increase atmospheric \text{CO}_2CO
2
start text, C, O, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscript and affect Earth's climate and oceans.
Answer:
a dominant mutation
Explanation:
A monohybrid testcross is a cross-breeding experiment used to determine if an individual exhibiting a dominant phenotype is homo-zygous dominant or heterozygous for a particular phenotypic trait (in this case, wing length). In a monohybrid testcross, a 1:1 phenotypic ratio shows that the dominant parental phenotype was a heterozygote for a single gene that has complete dominance. Moreover, a 3:1 ratio in the F2 is expected of a cross between heterozygous F1 individuals, which means that 75% of individuals with short wings have the dominant allele that masks the expression of the long-wing trait (i.e. the recessive allele).
Gram-positive bacteria are bacteria that have thick cell walls which yield positive results in the Gram staining test. Lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria.
- All bacteria indicated in the question can be classified by the Gram staining test:
- Actinomycetes are Gram-positive bacteria
- The genus <em>Arthrobacter </em>includes Gram-positive bacteria
- <em>Escherichia coli </em>(<em>E. coli</em>) is a Gram-negative bacterium
- <em>Staphylococcus spp.</em> are Gram-positive bacteria
- <em>Bacillus spp</em> are Gram-positive bacteria
- <em>Mycobacterium spp.</em> are Gram-positive bacteria
- Prokaryotes can be divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea.
- Gram staining is a method used to classify bacteria, but this method IS NOT USED to stain Archaea.
- In consequence, I would not use the Gram test to stain Archaebacteria because Archaebacteria aren't bacteria (Option A is correct).
- Archaebacteria belong to the Archaea domain.
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Answer:
Background
During the course of a bacterial infection, the rapid identification of the causative agent(s) is necessary for the determination of effective treatment options. We have developed a method based on a modified broad-range PCR and an oligonucleotide microarray for the simultaneous detection and identification of 12 bacterial pathogens at the species level. The broad-range PCR primer mixture was designed using conserved regions of the bacterial topoisomerase genes gyrB and parE. The primer design allowed the use of a novel DNA amplification method, which produced labeled, single-stranded DNA suitable for microarray hybridization. The probes on the microarray were designed from the alignments of species- or genus-specific variable regions of the gyrB and parE genes flanked by the primers. We included mecA-specific primers and probes in the same assay to indicate the presence of methicillin resistance in the bacterial species. The feasibility of this assay in routine diagnostic testing was evaluated using 146 blood culture positive and 40 blood culture negative samples.
Explanation:
Results
Comparison of our results with those of a conventional culture-based method revealed a sensitivity of 96% (initial sensitivity of 82%) and specificity of 98%. Furthermore, only one cross-reaction was observed upon investigating 102 culture isolates from 70 untargeted bacteria. The total assay time was only three hours, including the time required for the DNA extraction, PCR and microarray steps in sequence.
