It is very rare that a planet resembles Mars, in fact it is the rarest type of planets among the known planets so far. Even the planets that do share some characteristics with Mars, they also have characteristics that make them different, especially their size and distance from their star.
Volume of a cylinder: V= pi (r)^2(h)
Answer:
1: Negative ions, by gaining electrons to fill the valence shell
Explanation:
Nonmetals gain the electron to complete the octet and form anion. Consider the example of halogen.
When it combine with metals it gain the electron from the metal and form anion.
For example:
Sodium chloride is ionic compound. The electronegativity of chlorine is 3.16 and for sodium is 0.93. There is large difference is present. That's why electron from sodium is transfer to the chlorine. Sodium becomes positive and chlorine becomes negative ion. The electrostatic forces develop between bonded atoms.
<span>These two opposite ions attract each other and form the ionic bond. Covalent bonding is a form of chemical bonding between two non metallic atoms which is characterized by the sharing of pairs of electrons between atoms and other covalent bonds.</span>