I believe the question should be "Indus Valley Civilization," which was located in northwestern India.
The reason is probably not known, but one theory is that a prolonged drought brought about the decline.
Saudi Arabia strictly follows sharia law. I hope this answers your question!
Investment (and NO stock has a guaranteed return).
The groups that would be excluded from this widening of political opportunity would be any group that is denied the right to vote, whether this means they are oppressed or in prison, etc.