Sweat, tears, skin, and mucous membranes are among the physical defenses that keep a person from being sick.
<h3>What causes infectious diseases?</h3>
Coming into contact with a person or an animal who has the virus is one of the most straightforward ways to obtain the most contagious or infectious diseases. Direct contact, such as person-to-person contact, can transfer contagious diseases. Direct transmission of bacteria, viruses, or other germs from one person to another is the primary method by which contagious diseases are typically disseminated. If someone who is unaffected touches, kisses, coughs, sneezes, or has the virus or bacterium on them, this could happen. Additionally, these pathogens can disperse through sexual contact and the exchange of bodily fluids. The person who spreads the infection may only be a carrier and not exhibit any signs of the illness.
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The answer is <span> b) chromosomes replicate
DNA replication occurs before mitosis. So, duplicated chromosomes are already present in mitosis. They are connected by centromeres. During different phases of mitosis, spindles are formed and pull chromosomes toward the opposite poles of the cell so centromeres must split.</span>
Answer:
Explanation:
A woman with type A blood (whose father was type O) meaning her genotype is AO mates with
Man that has type O blood (OO genotype)
Both are heterozygous for MN blood group and both also heterozygous for the FUT1 gene controlling the synthesis of the H substance (Hh)- which determines the expression of the A and B antigen.
Cross
A O M N H h
O AO OO M MM MN H HH Hh
O AO OO N MN NN h Hh hh
Type A- 1/2 O-1/2 type M- 1/4 MN-1/2 N- 1/4, type H- 3/4 h-1/4
Type A with M antigen:
1/2*1/4*3/4 = 3/32
Type A with M and N antigens:
1/2*1/2*3/4 = 3/16
Type A with N antigen:
1/2*1/4*3/4 = 3/32
Type O with M antigen:
1/2*1/4*3/4= 3/32
Type O with M and N antigens:
1/2*1/2*3/4 = 3/16
Type O with N antigen:
1/2*1/4*3/4 = 3/32.
The 3/4 value comes from the expression of Hh-3/4 (this determines if the A and B Angie will be expressed).
