The process where a specie develops and evolves into new many species is termed as speciation. Macroevolution explores the mechanism of speciation where organisms across biological populations evolve as distinct population.
There are many causes to speciation, a) geographic isolation, b) gene flow reduction, and c) reproductive isolation.
Answer:
mRNA: 3' AUG-AAU-GCU-GCC-GGU-GA-5'
amino acids : methionine, asparagine, alanine, arginine, proline
type of mutation: deletion, missense
Explanation:
The mRNA sequence is complementary to the DNA sequence. A always pairs with T, C always pairs with G. Except this is an RNA sequence not a DNA sequence, so T is replaced with U.
The mRNA sequence is translated into an amino acid sequence based on the triplet code. The triplet code for this sequence is shown in the attached picture. Each triplet signifies a specific amino acid. The codon can be identified from the table and placed in sequence. We can see that the new DNA strand has caused a new amino acid sequence. It has also left us with an incomplete sequence, as GA cannot signify an amino acid.
The type of mutation is a single base deletion. We can see that the base C is missing from the 9th amino acid in the original strand. As you can see, this has an ongoing affect on all the bases in the rest of the sequence, as it changes the way the sequence is organised into codons. This results in a missense mutation.
<span>A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that belongs to either the domain Bacteria or the domain Archaea. Therefore, unlike a eukaryote, the prokaryote lacks in a nucleus and other organelles. The first organisms that appeared about 3.5 billions years ago were prokaryotes. They developed primitive forms of photosynthesis without oxygen as a waste. The first photosynthesizing prokaryotes appeared about 2.7 billion years ago which led to the changes in Earth atmosphere and consequently organisms dependant on oxygen could arise.</span>